Cultural developmental educational environment (on the example of V.A. Sukhomlinsky’s school of joy)

This study is based on the method of modeling educational systems of the past. Such systems were proposed by J.A. Komensky, J. Korczak, A.S. Makarenko, V.A. Sukhomlinsky, and other prominent educators of the past and present. The article provides a clear and detailed theoretical analysis of his works, identifying the main provisions and principles, as well as the ideas and methodological recommendations of his pedagogy. The study is based on the typology of the «educational environment», which consists of four types identified in the pedagogical works of J. Korczak by the contemporary Russian researcher V. Ya. Yasvin. It has been established that Sukhomlinsky's educational model belongs to the ideological vector educational model, which is only possible in conditions of creativity, freedom, and activity. Moreover, individual values are of primary importance; awareness and independence in learning are the key qualities of children who received pedagogical support from V. Sukhomlinsky in his «School of Joy». The pedagogical principle of love and respect for the child, who needs freedom of self-expression, provides an opportunity for the individual to grow and learn about the world not only in the school classroom, but also during outdoor activities and educational sessions outside the school, where fairy tales, parables, and hints Become key pedagogical methods. The vivid use of artistic language serves not only as an expressive tool, but also as a pedagogical means for developing spirituality and observation skills.